shall

shall 的中文释义

• aux.

  将

shall 的英文释义

• v.

  i. & auxiliary. To owe; to be under obligation for.

• v.

  i. & auxiliary. To be obliged; must.

• v.

  i. & auxiliary. As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or

• necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you

• shall go; he shall go; that is, I order or promise your going. It thus

• ordinarily expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a

• threat, or a promise. If the auxillary be emphasized, the command is

• made more imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It is

• also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when

• . . . , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy

• nearly coincide in significance. In shall with the first person, the

• necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than

• in the speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is always a

• less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated

• by will. "I shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a

• foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough,

• a certain degree of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the

• shall, and the event is described as certain to occur, and the

• expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I will go." In a

• question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course

• transferred to the person addressed; as, "Shall you go?" (answer, "I

• shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you require or promise his

• going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same relation is transferred to

• either second or third person in such phrases as "You say, or think,

• you shall go;" "He says, or thinks, he shall go." After a conditional

• conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons to express

• futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he shall say they are right. Should

• is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall,

• as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he

• should do it whether he will or not. In the early English, and hence in

• our English Bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the

• persons, to express simple futurity. (Cf. Will, v. t.) Shall may be

• used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of

• motion go may be omitted.

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